Cotton fabric names. The history of the emergence of cotton

Cotton is a soft, fluffy fiber that grows in the seed capsule, the fruit of cotton. Cotton is a plant of the Malvaceae family, up to 2 m high. It is distributed in tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world, including America, Asia and Africa.

Cotton fiber is most often spun into yarn or thread, which is used for the production of soft, breathable fabric, which is currently the most widely used in the textile industry in the manufacture of bedding, such as pillows and, mattress covers, etc.

After flowering (flowers are yellow, cream or white), the cotton plant forms a fruit - a box with 3-5 nests, each of which contains 5-11 seeds. Each seed develops several thousand white (less often - cream, beige, greenish and other colors) hairs - fibers up to 5 cm long. Each fiber is a separate cell. It is these fibers that cover the cotton seed that are called cotton.

Chemical composition of cotton:

• cellulose 91.00%

• water 7.85%

• protoplasm, pectin 0.55%

• waxes, fatty substances 0.40%

• mineral salts 0.20%

In the Russian language of the XIX century. cotton was called cotton paper. Until now, words are saved cotton industry, cotton fabric. In the works of Russian classical literature, one can find, for example, references to the fact that this or that character was in a paper cap - this does not mean at all that he was wearing a cap made of paper, it means that the cap was made of cotton fabric.

Harvesting cotton with cotton pickers

When the cotton fruit is ripe, the capsule opens, and the fiber together with the seeds harvested by pickers or cotton pickers... Cotton is usually harvested in two steps as the bolls open. Some of the bolls that did not open until late autumn remain on the bushes. In Central Asia, such boxes are called chicken... They are removed during the third pick.

Delivery of cotton to the cotton collection point

The fiber collected together with the seeds is called raw cotton. Raw cotton contains by weight about 30-40% of fiber and 60-70% of seeds (a certain proportion may also be accounted for by impurities, dirt).

Raw cotton is stored on the farm or transported (as is customary, for example, in Central Asia) to cotton collection point- a specially equipped enterprise where cotton is weighed and stored on dry, leveled areas in the form of huge cubes, then covered with tarpaulin or film. Cotton collection points usually serve several cotton farms. Here, raw cotton is waiting for its turn to be sent to cotton gin plant.

When the raw material is handed over to the cotton collection point, it is usually bought and sold: it is transferred from the ownership of the farm to the ownership of the organization that exploits this point. In Soviet times, the delivery of raw cotton to a cotton collection point meant the delivery of cotton by the farm to the state. Therefore, it was the weight of raw cotton handed over that was considered the most important reporting indicator (while in international practice, accounting for cotton production is carried out for cotton fiber).

Refining cotton at a ginning plant and obtaining cotton fiber.

Several ginning sites are usually associated with one ginnery(the plant may have its own cotton collection point). The plant carries out a gradual processing of the crop, and, as the production capacity becomes free, more and more raw cotton is brought here from the receiving points located in the zone of the plant's influence. At the plant, on special machines (gins, linters, etc.), the fibers are separated from the seeds, as well as the fibers are separated along their length (a process that could be compared to the separation of hydrocarbons into fractions at oil refineries). The longest hairs - longer than 20-25 mm are called fiber. This is cotton fiber, the very product for which data are usually provided in world statistics. Cotton fiber goes mainly to textile factories.

For medium-fiber varieties of cotton the fiber length is considered to be from 25 mm, for fine fiber (most valuable)- from 37 mm. The highest quality cotton bed linen is subsequently produced from fine-fiber long fibers, characterized by increased strength, lightness, smoothness, which does not "get dusty" or "fluff". In the online store "Jofrua" are presented from and brands Sailid, TAC (Touch), Karven (Karven); mid-price category from high-quality satin, as well as elite cotton linen from Turkish satin (Pierre Cardin - from Pierre Cardin, Home Sweet Home, TAC Delux, Tivolyo delux) and Chinese manufacturers (Famille delux, Kingsilk delux).

More short hairs are, depending on the length, the name lint, cyclone-fluff, underpads and others. They are sent to cotton production, as well as for the production of explosives (gunpowder, etc.). Since the yield of finished products (cotton fiber) from raw materials (raw cotton) is relatively low (less than half), ginneries are almost always located in cotton growing areas(that is, they are guided by raw materials), raw cotton is never transported over long distances. In contrast, for example, from wool, which can be transported in an uncleaned (unwashed) form over very long distances - to areas of consumption. In international statistics, therefore, it is customary to keep records of wool production from the so-called unwashed wool (that is, as if from raw wool), while accounting of cotton is carried out on cotton fiber.

Cotton ginnery - the top of the pyramid of the local cotton complex: the production ties of the territory it serves converge to it, here cotton is transformed from agricultural raw material into a product accounted for by international statistics and quoted on cotton exchanges. Here, like in the neck of an hourglass, the connections for the supply of raw cotton converge, and then from here the cotton fiber “scatters” in different directions.

The zones of influence of ginneries are, as a rule, stable: from year to year cotton is brought to the factory from the same cotton receiving points, and to those, in turn, from the same neighboring farms. On the contrary, cotton ginneries do not have stable links in the sale of their products: textile enterprises (or intermediary firms) in different years purchase cotton of different quality from different factories, depending on their needs. There are usually much fewer suppliers of raw materials at a ginnery than consumers (and the former, we repeat, are fixed, while the latter are unstable in composition).

Sending bales of cotton to finished goods warehouses

Cotton fiber is pressed into beautiful snow-white bales and goes to the finished product warehouse.

Bale lots are classified and graded according to length, fineness (fineness, degree of thickness), strength and uniformity (uniformity) of the fibers. In Soviet times, cotton ginning plants carried out direct supplies of cotton fiber to tens and hundreds of different textile enterprises in the country, depending on the needs of textile workers in one or another type of raw material. The supply system was regulated by the relevant ministries and departments. Currently, the promotion of Central Asian cotton to Russian textile enterprises is carried out through a chain of trade and intermediary firms not related to production.

Converting cotton into yarn -> into fabric -> into a finished product (bedding and other textiles)

Bales of cotton fiber coming from ginning factories or warehouses to textile enterprises go to spinning production - the transformation of individual fibers into a single continuous thread (yarn). Then, in the weaving industry, the yarn is turned into fabric. Finally, the garment industry produces a finished product - clothing, home textiles (curtains, etc.).

Using cotton seeds

Back to ginnery... More than half of the weight of raw cotton entering for cleaning, as we remember, is made up of seeds. From them, in fact, cotton is cleaned. And what do they do with cleanups? They contain up to 30% oil. These slightly pubescent lumps (it is usually impossible to clean the seed at all, to shine) are sent from the refinery to the oil extraction plant or oil and fat plant. There they get from the seeds cottonseed oil, and on its basis they produce soap, glycerin, margarine, lubricants.

Leading countries in cotton production in 2009

Sincerely,
Online store of bed linen Zhofroy

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Cotton is the name given to fibers growing on the surface of the seeds of annual cotton plants. It is the main raw material for the textile industry. Harvested from the fields, raw cotton (cotton seeds covered with fibers) goes to ginneries. Here, its primary processing takes place, which includes the following processes: cleaning of raw cotton from foreign weeds (from particles of stems, bolls, stones, etc.), as well as separation of fiber from seeds (ginning), pressing cotton fibers into bales and their packaging. In bales, cotton goes for further processing at cotton spinning factories.

Cotton fiber is a thin-walled tube with a channel inside. The fiber is twisted somewhat around its axis. Its cross section has a very varied shape and depends on the maturity of the fiber. Cotton is characterized by a relatively high strength, heat resistance (130-140 ° C), medium hygroscopicity (18-20%) and a small proportion of elastic deformation, as a result of which cotton products are strongly wrinkled.

More than 40 botanical types of cotton are known, which differ in yield, early maturity and fiber quality. 2 types are cultivated - hairy (medium-fiber) and Barbados (fine-fiber) cotton. The main cotton growing regions (countries) are: India, Egypt, China, USA, Central Asia, Transcaucasia and southern Ukraine.

The main cotton polymer is cellulose (96%); in addition to it, fibers contain a small amount of low molecular weight fractions of cellulose (1.5%), fats and waxes (about 1%), etc.

The structure of the fibers depends on their degree of maturity. Cotton fibers are divided into: completely immature, unripe, unripe, mature and overripe. Under the microscope, immature cotton fibers are flattened, ribbon-like, with thin walls and a wide channel inside. As the fibers mature, cellulose is deposited in their walls, and the wall thickness increases, the channel becomes narrower, and the fiber acquires crimp. The thickness of the walls and the degree of crimp affect its quality. Immature thin-walled fibers look like flat or rolled ribbons, have low strength, low elasticity, and poorly stain. Longitudinal mature cotton fibers are flattened tubes with a characteristic spiral crimp, which explains the high value of cotton as a spinning material.

Overripe fibers have a cylindrical shape and a narrow channel inside. The channel in the cotton fibers is open on one side. Overripe fibers have thick walls, increased strength, straight (not crimped) shape, and relatively high rigidity. Neither fibers are suitable for textile processing. According to the degree of maturity, which is assessed based on the ratio of the outer and inner fiber diameters, cotton fibers are divided into 11 groups: from 0 (immature fiber) to 5 (extremely mature fiber) with an interval of 0.5. Fibers with a maturity degree of 2.5-3.5 are most suitable for the manufacture of textile materials.

In cross section, the fibers have a bean-like, sometimes rounded shape with a channel in the middle, which is open at one end, which affects the ability to easily wet and swell from the inside, surpassing bast fibers in this indicator. Along with this, despite the small mass of cotton fiber, it has a developed surface, which determines the positive adsorption property of cotton. Cotton fibers easily adhere to each other, straighten when pulled and lend themselves well to twisting. Thanks to these properties, cotton, which appeared in Europe later than other fibers (linen and hemp), very quickly gained a dominant position in the textile industry.

Cotton fibers together with seeds are called raw cotton. 1/3 of the weight of raw cotton is made up of fibers, 2/3 - seeds. Cotton seeds contain up to 15% cottonseed oil, which is used in the food industry.

The raw cotton harvested from the cotton bushes goes for primary processing, which includes the following operations:

* preliminary cleaning of raw cotton from particles of leaves, bolls and branches on cleaning machines;

* separation of fibers from seeds on fiber-separating machines - the result is cotton - fiber;

* cleaning of fibers from dust, small impurities and fluff on mesh drums with vacuum suction;

* pressing the fibers into bales and packing them. The packed bales of cotton are then sent to the cotton spinning factories.

The length and thickness of the fibers depend on the type of cotton. Cotton fiber is very thin, its number is 7000-5000. Depending on the length of the fibers, there are short-staple cotton with a length of up to 27 mm, medium-staple cotton with a length of 27-35 mm and long-staple cotton with a length of 35-50 mm. In the group of short-staple cotton, puffs (fibers up to 20 mm long) are distinguished, which is used to obtain canvases of non-woven fabrics and as a raw material for the production of artificial fibers. Short-staple cotton is processed into thick and fluffy yarn for making bikes, flannel, boomazi and other fabrics. Medium-staple cotton is used to produce yarn of medium thickness for the manufacture of chintz, carded satin and other fabrics. The finest and smoothest yarn is produced from fine-staple cotton for the manufacture of high-quality fine cotton fabrics - cambric, marquise, combed satin, etc.

The strength and elongation of the fibers depend on their degree of maturity, since as the cotton matures, spiral deposition of cellulose molecules on the fiber walls occurs, and the mature fibers acquire a spiral crimp. Cotton fiber is relatively strong, so cotton fabrics wrinkle a lot. The disadvantages of fiber include low elasticity. The share of plastic deformation in total elongation is 50%, due to the small amount of elastic deformation, cotton fiber fabrics are easily wrinkled, and knitwear is stretched.

The abrasion resistance of cotton is relatively low, as a result of which products made from it have low wear.

Cotton fiber has good hygroscopicity, which gives the materials made of them good hygienic properties. Cotton has the ability to quickly absorb moisture and quickly evaporate it, i.e. dries quickly. When immersed in water, the fibers swell and their strength increases by 10-20%.

Due to the presence of a channel open on one side and relatively thin walls, cotton has adsorption properties, which contributes to good dyeing.

When heated to a temperature of 150 ° C, cotton fibers practically do not change their properties; at temperatures above 150 ° C, the process of slow and then rapid destruction of fibers begins, accompanied by the decomposition of cellulose and at a temperature of 250 ° C by its charring. Cotton does not belong to combustible fibers, it ignites easily in a flame and continues to burn quickly after being removed from it with the formation of easily crumbling ash. Burning fibers smells like burnt paper.

Under the action of light weather, the process of oxidation of cellulose with atmospheric oxygen is activated, which leads to a decrease in mechanical properties (strength, elongation), an increase in the rigidity and fragility of the fibers. As a result of exposure to sunlight for 940 hours, the strength of the cotton is reduced by 50%.

Cotton fiber is resistant to alkalis, reducing agents, unstable to acids and oxidizing agents.

The natural color of cotton is white or cream, in some cases it can be beige or greenish. Cotton fibers do not have a gloss (matte), but after mercerization they acquire a significant gloss (silkiness). The fibers are soft and lukewarm to the touch.

Cotton is used to produce products for various purposes - household (cotton wool, linen, shirts, dress and suit fabrics, lace, tulle, knitwear, etc.) and technical (artificial leather, tarpaulin, ropes, etc.) used in the chemical industry as a raw material for the manufacture of artificial fibers and threads, films, varnishes. It is also used in explosives.

There is a great variety of cotton fabrics, because cotton is the most common material in the textile industry. Most of the products made of cotton fabrics are pleasant to the touch, of high quality, durable, durable and inexpensive. Cotton is excellent at absorbing moisture while remaining dry to the touch. It is perfectly erased. In general, the list of its advantages is extensive.

Almost all types of weaving are used in the production of cotton fabrics, but the most popular of them is still the simplest, linen.

Cotton fabrics can be classified according to the nature of the finish. Here are some of the types:

• Harsh. These are fabrics without any finishing or dyeing at all.
• Bleached - those that have passed the stage of bleaching at the factory with the help of special substances.
• Plain colored. These are fabrics uniformly dyed in one color.
• Melange. They are made from yarn made from fibers dyed in different colors.
• Mulinated. Fabrics woven from bicolor or multicolor twisted yarns.
• Printed. Printed or patterned fabrics.
• Multicolored fabrics also have a pattern, but it is formed during the weaving process by alternating multi-colored warp (vertical) and weft (horizontal) threads.
• Mercerized. Refined fabrics that have undergone a special chemical treatment. They become more pleasant to the touch and stronger.

Also, cotton fabrics can be divided into household and technical. Clothes and home textiles are made from household items. Technical are used in the manufacture of technology, in the chemical, furniture industry and in many other industries.

Types of cotton fabrics

It's easy to get lost in the cotton kingdom. We bring to your attention a table that will allow you to navigate a little better in this great variety of cotton fabrics.

Reading time: 4 minutes

Cotton has always been held in high esteem in Russia. Times are changing, and the desire of the domestic consumer to wear clothes made from natural matter is only getting stronger from year to year, especially since the types of cotton fabrics are quite diverse today.

Cotton fabric is used for sewing everyday clothes, bedding, curtains and even furniture upholstery. This article is devoted to the distinctive features, advantages, varieties, cost in the modern market of cotton fabrics.

General information

Cotton is a natural material obtained from ripe cotton buds. If you take these white lumps in your hands, you can feel its softness, dryness, natural warmth and slight roughness.

Note . The quality of cotton is determined by the length of the fiber: short has less value and more budget cost .

Production technology: stages

• Ripening (opening) of the fruit, manual collection.
• Sending raw cotton to the receiving point, weighing and storing.
• Recycling at the factory. By means of a special technique, the fibers are separated from the seeds and sorted by length.
• Pressing, sending finished cotton to the warehouse.
• Yarn production, then - various types of cotton fabrics.

They are produced both from a pure resource and from a mixture of natural fiber with some other natural (flax) or synthetic (polyester, acetate, etc.) impurities. Man-made filaments affect the characteristics of the material, making it stronger and less crumpled.

GOST

All goals, basic principles and a list of works, in accordance with international requirements, are set out in the current GOST 29298-2005. This standard is applicable to ready-made, harsh cotton and mixed fabrics such as shirts or linen.

Types of weaves of cotton fabric

• Impeccable hygienic properties (perfectly absorb moisture and allow air to pass through, pleasant to the body).
• They have a healing effect. They are widely used in the medical field.
• High degree of strength.
• Excellent thermal conductivity.
• Reliability and practicality, the ability to withstand hundreds of washes.
• Slight crumbling of sections.
• Slight spreading of the seams.
• Virtually no stretch.
• Dry quickly, easy to wash and iron.
• They are well laid, do not move, and are easy to cut.

They will help you decide which blanket is better.However, do not forget that the comfort of a blanket depends not only on its characteristics, but also

For girls with a slender figure, silhouette clothes are perfect. Tops and leggings, blouses and leggings or tracksuits are ideally fitted, emphasizing the dignity of the figure.

Disadvantages of cotton fabrics

• Do not keep their shape.
• The wear is higher than that of synthetics.
• Do not heat.
• Strongly crumpled.
• Shrinks after washing.

Note. Special processing is able to make cotton fabrics less wrinkled and not subject to shrinkage.

Application

How to distinguish cotton from other natural fabrics?

• When it burns, white smoke comes out, smells like burnt paper. Then, besides the ash, nothing remains. Flax burns in a similar way. However, it smolders much worse. Wool burns slowly, baked into a ball, smelling like burnt hair.
• Natural cotton is soft and warm, and wrinkles when compressed. Linen feels hard and cool, and looks smooth and shiny. The wool is a little prickly and does not wrinkle at all.

Price overview

In the modern market, you can buy cotton fabrics not only of domestic but also foreign production. The cost depends on the quality and appearance.
So, 100% cotton from America will cost from 700 rubles. per running meter, similar fabric from Italy - from 430 rubles, from Korea - from 300 rubles. In Russia, you can buy cotton fabric (for example, printed coarse calico) - from 70 rubles. per r.m.

Thus, we figured out what kind of cotton fabric. Natural cotton fabric is the right choice for people who care about the health of the whole family, especially small children.

Cotton fabrics are widely used and are in great demand. Now, when man-made fibers and materials are found more and more often, natural natural composition is especially appreciated. These natural materials include cotton fabrics. There are a huge number of them, they all differ in special properties and advantages. In this article, we will consider the features of cotton as a raw material for cotton fabrics, consider the main varieties of this textile material, and find the best manufacturers of it.

Description

Cotton is grown in Central Asia, Egypt, India, China, USA and other countries. But for the production of clothing and textiles, it began to be used relatively recently - only in the 19th century. What are the features of cotton fiber and materials from it.

First of all, we note that cotton is a completely natural fabric. It is produced from the fruit of cotton by special processing of the original raw material.

The quality of the final fabric largely depends on the length of the original fiber: the longer the raw, untreated fibers, the better and denser the fabric will be. Fabrics can be made entirely from one cotton, or with the use of other fibers.

Some of the most commonly used supplements include:

• acetate (here);
• viscose (read);
• polyester and other man-made fibers (here).

These additives impart elasticity, resistance to deformation, shine and other pleasant properties to the final web.

Weave types

Cotton threads can be intertwined in different ways. The density of the product, its softness / stiffness and other nuances depend on the type of weave.

The most popular and commonly used weaves include:

• twill;

  

• linen;

  

• finely patterned;

  

• satin.

  

• With fleece. In this case, the surface of the web is processed in a special way. The result is a warm material with a fluffy top layer. This fabric is often used for sewing warm clothing, thermal underwear, ski suits. Here about the fleece cotton fabric.

Finishing cotton fabrics

What are the types of fabrics made of cotton by the method of external finishing.

• Harsh... This is a canvas without finishing. That is, it is not dyed, bleached, or softened. Other manipulations were not performed with it, giving the tissue additional positive properties. Most often, this material has a characteristic gray color and rough to the touch.
• Bleached. The canvas has undergone bleaching, but still a little rough.

  

• Plain colored. In this case, the canvas is bleached and dyed.

  

• Multicolored. Multi-colored fabrics with drawings.

  

• Melange. Cloth woven from threads of different colors intertwined with each other. The result is a very original print, especially suitable for ethnic style clothing.

  

• Printed. In this case, the drawing is not initially woven, but is applied on top of the already woven fabric by printing.

  

  How to use

  For sewing what products are most often used cotton fabrics.

  • Linens... For this purpose, soft fabrics are usually used, for example: satin, chintz, calico, for children's linen - flannel. Cotton bed linen has high quality characteristics: it is natural, pleasant to the body, absorbs moisture well and is not too expensive.

    

  • Lightweight textiles... It includes: dresses, blouses, shirts, sundresses, etc. All the positive characteristics of such clothes are the same as those of bed linen. Even in such outfits it is not hot in summer.

    

  • Outerwear... Jackets, windbreakers, raincoats and coats are sewn from cotton fabrics. Sportswear, working and special purpose. This category includes various uniforms, tracksuits, etc.

    

    outerwear

  • Home textiles... Curtains, tablecloths, curtains and other textiles are often sewn from cotton fabrics.

    

    home textiles

  The advantages of such fabric

  Consider the benefits of cotton fabrics.

  • Excellent hygroscopicity... The big advantage of cotton fabrics is that they absorb moisture well. That is why they are widely used for sewing summer clothes, bed linen, towels and children's clothing.
  • Air permeability... Cotton fabrics breathe. Cotton clothes are pleasant to wear, they will help out in any circumstances: in the summer heat, at home, and to create an office look.
  • Strength... Cotton fabrics do not deform much, they "behave" well when washing and drying. The strength and stability of the cotton fiber is enhanced by artificial additives. Cotton fabric is weakly stretchable and shrinkable. Cotton fabrics tolerate repeated washing, ironing and other care manipulations quite well, without losing their characteristics for a long time.
  • Cotton gives the product lightness... Moreover, this lightness is often combined with the subtlety of the product. It is thanks to these properties that bedding, underwear, and children's clothing are so often made of cotton.
  • Cotton fabrics are easy to process... They are easy to cut and sew and are "nice to deal with." Slices of the canvas do not crumble, which is very convenient when working. The fabrics are pleasant to the touch and produce a positive tactile sensation. The material looks aesthetically pleasing. If the cotton fabric is of a noble shade and dense, an outfit made of it can look very stylish and modern.

  On the video, clothes made of cotton fabric:

  Minuses

  Let's list some of the disadvantages of this fabric.

  • Cotton wrinkles... This is a cause for concern for many women. After all, you want the outfit to look perfect all day long, but this does not work with cotton. Especially in the heat of the summer.
  • Cotton fabrics tend to shrink. This is especially true for denim. Many have noticed, and repeatedly, how much narrower your favorite jeans become after washing.

  Views

  Consider the most widely used varieties of cotton fabrics and their characteristics.

  Satin

  A fabric with excellent appearance and increased strength. It is often used for sewing bed linen. The fabric has a soft, noble sheen. Here's how much satin fabric costs.

  

  Batiste

  Fine and beautiful fabric, delicate and soft. Previously, women's dresses were sewn from cambric, handkerchiefs and bed linen were made. Often cambric products are supplied with lace trim and sewing. This material can also have a translucent texture.

  

  Batiste- quite expensive and delicate canvas, requires careful and delicate care. Batiste material is more suitable for summer time, as it has “cooling” features and is rather thin.

  Poplin

  

  Chintz

  Probably the thinnest of all cotton materials. Everyone is familiar with chintz bedding and underwear. Most often, chintz is in delicate colors, with a predominance of light tones. This painting was one of the most popular in the USSR.

  

  Dresses, linen, and even curtains were sewn from chintz. Its big plus is its cheapness. It is the most inexpensive of all cotton fabrics.

  Velvet

  This is also a cotton material. Very pleasant to the touch, dense. Has a slightly fleecy, "fluffy" surface, very warm.

  

  Flannel

  Cotton material, from which children's clothes, bedding and home clothes are often sewn. Very soft and pleasant to the touch fabric, slightly fluffy.

  

  It is completely "home", unofficial material, created specifically for the feeling of comfort. It is difficult to imagine a person in flannel clothes sitting in an office somewhere.

  Bike

  This canvas looks like a flannel. The bike is also fluffy and pleasant to the touch. It is also very warm. They also say about this material "with a fleece", meaning a delicate fluffy pile.

  

  It is used for sewing children's clothing, thermal underwear, home clothes, and is also used for the manufacture of lining for warm outerwear.

  Jacquard

  This is a cotton canvas with an original relief pattern and texture. Jacquard is a very dense, heavy material, most often used for the production of home textiles (curtains, curtains, upholstery), as well as for the production of car covers.

  

  These are not all types. There are still a lot of them, here are only those that are most often used in our country.

  Manufacturers and prices

  Consider which modern manufacturers offer the best quality cotton materials at the best price.

  Let's start with a cloth made in China, since now materials and products from this country are used almost all over the world. They produce Chinese brands and cotton fabrics. There is a huge assortment, an extensive selection of colors, options, and other important nuances. The prices of Chinese cotton materials are quite humane. For example, a square meter of high-quality satin in a delicate, up-to-date color will cost around 500 rubles. Children's colors - 350 rubles / sq. M.

  American manufacturers value their products much more. So, a square meter of poplin in a beautiful bright color will cost 990 rubles. You can find American cotton materials for 800 rubles / sq. M.

  Fabrics from Poland are distinguished by classic, discreet colors and an adequate price. So, sq m of coarse calico, suitable for sewing beautiful and high-quality bed linen, will cost 580 rubles. If the print is no longer so relevant, you can buy Polish material for 300 rubles / sq. m.

  Attention: there is an interesting way to check the authenticity and naturalness of a cotton product. To do this, you need to set fire to one thread. If the material is real, the thread will burn with a papery smell and white smoke. And as a result of impurities, the smoke turns out to be darker and "aromatic", with an admixture of artificial, chemical odors.